What little companions must know about fire protection - fire prevention cut-off methods

Fire separation method

1、 Views and types of fire separation methods

1. Viewpoint: fire separation refers to the object that can stop the spread of fire within a certain time and divide the internal space of the building into several smaller fire prevention spaces.

2. Type: it can be divided into two categories: fixed type and movable type.

Firm but not movable: firewall, fire window, fire water curtain belt, fire damper.

Sports openable and closable: fireproof door, fireproof rolling shutter and fireproof window

2、 Classification, structure, function, location and inspection requirements of fire prevention measures

（1） Classification of fire doors

According to the material, it is divided into: wooden fire door, steel fire door, steel wood fire door and other fire doors;

According to the opening and closing status, it is divided into: normally open fire door and normally closed fire door;

According to the fire resistance time, it is divided into class A (1.5h), class B (1.0h) and class C (0.5h)

According to the utilization requirements, specifications and models, it is divided into eight varieties: single leaf, double leaf, single leaf with glass, double leaf with glass, single leaf with bright window, double leaf with bright window, single leaf with glass with bright window, double leaf with glass with bright window, etc; (see legend)

Classification of fire doors

（2） Composition, structure, function and setting position of fire door

1. Composition and structure: the fireproof door is usually composed of door frame, door leaf, supplementary heat insulation and fire-resistant materials, door leaf skeleton, fireproof lock, fireproof hinge (button), door closer, fireproof door release device, sequencer, fireproof bolt, fireproof glass, etc.

2. Function: it is important to stop the spread of fire and smoke, stop or delay the spread of fire within a certain time, and ensure the quiet evacuation of staff. 3. Setting position: it is usually set in fire compartment, evacuation staircase (evacuation passage), important room, vertical shaft and other places with certain fire resistance.

Composition and structure of fire door

（3） Classification and structure of fireproof rolling shutter

According to the material, it is divided into: steel fireproof roller shutter and inorganic fireproof roller shutter;

According to the fire resistance time, it is divided into ordinary type (2H), composite type (3H) and super type (4h)

（4） Composition and structure of fireproof rolling shutter

It is usually composed of base plate, guide rail, curtain plate, support plate, reel, probe device, manual quick release closure device, box, door rolling machine, control box, limit, door lintel, button switch, etc.

（5） Control method of fireproof rolling shutter

1. Two step landing: for the fire shutter on the evacuation passage, fire alarm detector groups shall be set on both sides, and manual control buttons shall be set on both sides. The action step is two-step landing. After a fire alarm detector gives an alarm, it will land to 1.8m from the ground to stop; After another fire alarm detector gives an alarm, the roller shutter shall continue to land to the ground.

2. One step landing: for the fire shutter only used for fire separation on the non evacuation passage, the action step of the fire alarm detector set on both sides is one-step landing, that is, the fire shutter directly lands on the ground after the detector gives an alarm.

（6） Rolling method of fireproof rolling shutter

1. Manual operation method: it is important to use the circular iron chain in the storage box at the upper part of the roller shutter for operation;

2. Electric control method: it is important to use the electric switch buttons set on both sides of the rolling shutter door;

3. Operation method of central control room: it is important that the staff on duty in the fire control room directly start the electric switch by using the operation button on the equipment deployment of linkage control;

4. Temperature control release method: the roller shutter shall be equipped with a temperature control release device. The temperature around the temperature sensing element reaches 73 ℃ 0.5 ℃, the release device acts, and the roller shutter shall be lowered and closed according to its own weight. (only landing closure can be implemented, but rising opening cannot be implemented)

（7） Classification and function of fire windows

1. Classification: according to the placement method, it is divided into: solid fire window and moving fire window;

2. According to the material, it is divided into: composite fireproof glass fireproof window and single color potassium fireproof glass fireproof window; Wooden fireproof window and steel fireproof window;

3. It is divided into 1.5h, 1.0h and 0.5h according to the fire resistance limit

4. Functions: first, cut off and stop the spread of fire, mostly solid windows; The second is daylighting and ventilation, which has the effect of ordinary window in the same general environment, and plays the role of fire prevention and separation in case of fire. The moving fireproof window shall have the effect of manual and active sealing.

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